Atomic Modulation Triggering Improved Performance of MoO3 Nanobelts for Fiber‐Shaped Supercapacitors

Asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) are emerging as a new class of energy storage devices that could potentially meet the increasing power and energy demand for next‐generation portable and flexible electronics. Yet, the energy density of ASC is severely limited by the low capacitance of the anode side, which commonly uses the carbon‐based nanomaterials. Here, the demonstration of sulfur‐doped MoO_3?x nanobelts (denoted as S‐MoO_3?x) as the anode for high‐performance fiber‐shaped ASC are reported. The Mo sites in MoO₃ are intentionally modulated at the atomic level through sulfur doping, where sulfur could be introduced into the MoO₆ octahedron to intrinsically tune the covalency character of bonds around Mo sites and thus boost the charge storage kinetics of S‐MoO_3?x. Moreover, the oxygen defects are occurring along with sulfur‐doping in MoO₃, enabling efficient electron transport. As expected, the fiber‐shaped S‐MoO_3?x achieves outstanding capacitance with good rate capability and long cycling life. More impressively, the fiber‐shaped ASC based on S‐MoO_3?x anode delivers extremely high volumetric capacitance of 6.19 F cm^?3 at 0.5 mA cm^?1, which makes it promising as one of the most attractive candidates of anode materials for high‐performance fiber‐shaped ASCs.     

Scientists as political experts: Atomic scientists and their claims for expertise on international relations, 1945–1947

This paper explores the construction of scientists' expertise on international affairs through a study of the rhetoric of U.S. atomic scientists during public and policy‐making debates on the international control of atomic energy between 1945 and 1947. It explores the claims scientists made about the nature of their expertise on issues of diplomacy and international relations and how their expertise was produced and reproduced. The paper shows that scientists were able to successfully project themselves, in the public domain, as experts on political and diplomatic matters related to the atomic. In calling for the international control of atomic energy, scientists constructed their expert knowledge in contrast to, as they portrayed it, the failed expertise of diplomats and political thinkers. In boundary work through their speeches, articles, and government testimonies, scientists drew a line between the political and the scientific, but argued that, as scientist‐citizens, they were able to take their rational thinking from one realm into the other.     

磁黄铁矿的同质多象变体及其选别性质差异

有色金属矿中常伴生一种或多种变体磁黄铁矿，不同变体磁黄铁矿的选别性质不尽相同。本文采取多种测试分析方法，探讨磁黄铁矿的成分变化与晶体结构变化的关系，以及不同变体磁黄铁矿的磁性，可浮性变化的特征。     

电感耦合等离子体—原子发射光谱法测定氧化锆中的硅

浓度浓度酸和硫酸铵溶样，选用电感耦合等离子体－原发发射光谱法测定氧化锆中的硅。在体干扰少，测定结果与化学法测定结果吻合，但操作简便。加料回收率在９８％￣１０６％之间，相对标准偏差为２．５￣９．１％．     

废弃印刷线路板Pb,Cd和Cr的测定

研究用原子吸收分光光度计测定废弃印刷线路板中重金属元素Pb，Cd和Cr的含量。结果表明，方法灵敏、快速、准确、操作方便，实用性强。Pb，Cd和Cr的回收率在98．9％～103．6％之间，相对标准偏差RSD〈1．45％。     

活性炭富集、原子吸收分光光度法测定工业废料中的金

用活性炭富集、原子吸收分光光度法测定工业废料中的金．首先选取有代表性的试样．其次溶样时先用混合酸将样品中的有机物氧化完全，再加王水溶金；为使金富集完全分取适量试液用活性炭富集金，并用HCl和NH4HF2对吸附金的活性炭洗涤除杂．本法测定结果与火试金法测定结果一致，但本法分析成本低、毒性小、分析快速，相对标准偏差小于1．20％。     

氢化物发生原子荧光法和无火焰原子荧光法连续测定地球化学样品中的As、Sb、Bi、Hg

建立了一种连续测定Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉ、Ｈｇ四元素的方法。对测汞用还原剂及几种测量体系进行了比较，采用对原子化器适当加温的无火焰原子荧光法测汞，以ＫＭｎＯ４消除Ｔｅ、Ｓｅ对汞测定的干扰。本方法Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉ、Ｈｇ四元素的检出限分别为２．０１×１０－１０ｇ／ｍｌ、１．５６×１０－１０ｇ／ｍｌ、２．９８×１０－１０ｇ／ｍｌ；４．２×１０－１１ｇ／ｍｌ；对ＧＳＳＩ平行测定１１次，Ｈｇ的标准偏差为２．１％；对含Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉ为１０×１０－９ｇ／ｍｌ、１．０×１０－９ｇ／ｍｌ、１０×１０－１０ｇ／ｍｌ的溶液平行测定１１次，其ＲＳＤ分别为１．３７５％、１．３８６％和２．３３９％；经对地球化学标准物质及批量样品分析证明，结果满足要求。     

Urinary mercury in people living near point sources of mercury emissions

As part of the European Mercury Emissions from Chlor Alkali Plants (EMECAP) project, we tested the hypothesis that contamination of ambient air with mercury around chlor alkali plants using mercury cells would increase the internal dose of mercury in people living close to the plants. Mercury in urine (U-Hg) was determined in 225 individuals living near a Swedish or an Italian chlor alkali plant, and in 256 age- and sex-matched individuals from two reference areas. Other factors possibly affecting mercury exposure were examined. Emissions and concentrations of total gaseous mercury (TGM) around the plants were measured and modeled. No increase in U-Hg could be demonstrated in the populations living close to the plants. This was the case also when the comparison was restricted to subjects with no dental amalgam and low fish consumption. The emissions of mercury to air doubled the background level, but contributed only about 2 ng/m(3) to long-term averages in the residential areas. The median U-Hg levels in subjects with dental amalgam were 1.2 microg/g creatinine (micro/gC) in Italy and 0.6 microg/gC in Sweden. In individuals without dental amalgam, the medians were 0.9 microg/gC and 0.2 microg/gC, respectively. The number of amalgam fillings, as well as chewing, fish consumption, and female sex were associated with higher U-Hg. The difference between the countries is probably due to higher fish consumption in Italy, demethylated methyl mercury (MeHg) being partly excreted in urine. Post hoc power calculations showed that if the background mercury exposure is low it may be possible to demonstrate an increase in U-Hg of as little as about 10 ng/m(3) as a contribution to ambient mercury from a point source.